The question asks about the original description of India in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, specifically as it was adopted in 1949. This requires knowledge of the historical evolution of the Preamble and the amendments made to it.
Correct Option: D) Sovereign Democratic Republic
This option accurately reflects the description of India in the Preamble as it was originally adopted in 1949, before any amendments were made to it.
The question asks about a specific amendment that changed the phrase 'unity of the Nation' to 'unity and integrity of the Nation'. This refers to a modification made to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. We need to identify the correct Constitutional Amendment Act responsible for this change.
Correct Option: B) 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 — This amendment added the word 'integrity' to the Preamble, thereby changing 'unity of the Nation' to 'unity and integrity of the Nation'. It also added 'socialist' and 'secular' to the Preamble.
The question asks to identify the specific committee of the Constituent Assembly responsible for the final drafting of the Indian Constitution, including its Preamble. This requires knowledge of the key committees and their respective roles in the constitution-making process.
Correct Option: C) Drafting Committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was indeed responsible for the final drafting of the Constitution, including the Preamble. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is often referred to as the 'Father of the Indian Constitution' due to his significant contribution as the chairman of this committee.
The question asks about the President of the Constituent Assembly at the time the Preamble was adopted. This requires knowledge of the key figures and timeline of the Indian Constituent Assembly.
B) Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly on December 11, 1946. The Preamble, based on the Objectives Resolution, was adopted by the Assembly on January 22, 1947, under his presidency.
The question asks for the meaning of the term 'Sovereign' as used in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. Understanding the core principles enshrined in the Preamble is crucial for competitive exams.
A) Is free to conduct its internal and external affairs without any external interference. This is the precise meaning of 'Sovereign' in the context of a nation-state. It implies complete independence from foreign control and supreme authority over its own territory and people.
The question asks about the amendment responsible for adding the term 'Socialist' to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. This requires knowledge of major constitutional amendments and their impact on the Preamble.
C) 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 — The 42nd Amendment Act, enacted in 1976 during the Emergency, added three new words to the Preamble: 'Socialist', 'Secular', and 'Integrity'. This is a significant amendment often referred to as a "Mini-Constitution" due to its extensive changes to the Constitution.