The question asks about the specific directive of Article 38 of the Indian Constitution regarding the promotion of people's welfare. This article falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) and outlines the State's objectives for establishing a just social order. Understanding the core tenets of DPSP, particularly Article 38, is crucial to answering this question.
A) Social, economic and political justice shall inform all institutions of national life. This option accurately reflects the complete text and spirit of Article 38 of the Constitution, which mandates the State to secure a social order founded on social, economic, and political justice.
The question asks about the specific directive of Article 38(2) of the Indian Constitution, as inserted by the 44th Amendment. This article falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) and aims at establishing a social and economic order based on justice. We need to recall the exact wording and intent of this amendment.
A) Income, and endeavour to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities — This option precisely states the provisions of Article 38(2) as inserted by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978. It directs the State to minimise inequalities in income and eliminate inequalities in status, facilities, and opportunities.
The question asks about a specific principle laid down in Article 39 of the Indian Constitution, which is part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). To answer this, one needs to recall the provisions of Article 39.
Correct Option: B) Livelihood
Article 39(a) explicitly states that the State shall direct its policy towards securing that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood. This makes option B the correct answer.
The question refers to a specific directive under Article 39 of the Indian Constitution, which is part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). These principles guide the State in making laws and policies. Understanding the core philosophy behind DPSPs, particularly those related to economic justice and social welfare, is key to answering this question.
Correct Option: C) The common good
Article 39(b) of the Indian Constitution explicitly states that the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing "that the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to subserve the common good." This provision is a cornerstone of the socialist principles enshrined in the Indian Constitution, aiming to prevent concentration of wealth and ensure equitable distribution for the benefit of all citizens.
The question asks about a specific directive contained within Article 39 of the Indian Constitution, which falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). Understanding the core objectives of DPSP, particularly those related to economic justice and preventing exploitation, is key to identifying the correct answer.
D) Wealth and means of production to the common detriment
This option directly quotes or paraphrases a key provision of Article 39(c) of the Indian Constitution. Article 39(c) mandates that the State shall direct its policy towards securing "that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment." This is a fundamental principle aimed at achieving economic justice and preventing the accumulation of economic power in a few hands.
The question asks about the specific directive of Article 39 of the Indian Constitution regarding equal pay for equal work. To answer this, one must recall the principles enshrined in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), particularly Article 39.
Correct Option: D) Both men and women
Article 39(d) of the Indian Constitution, a Directive Principle of State Policy, explicitly states that the State shall direct its policy towards securing equal pay for equal work for both men and women. This provision aims to eliminate gender-based discrimination in remuneration.