The question pertains to the duration for which an Ordinance promulgated by the President remains valid after Parliament reassembles, if not approved. This is a constitutional provision related to the legislative powers of the President.
Correct Option: B) Six weeks — As per Article 123(2)(a) of the Indian Constitution, an Ordinance promulgated by the President ceases to operate at the expiration of six weeks from the reassembly of Parliament, unless it is approved by both Houses.
The question asks about the scope of the President of India's pardoning power under Article 72 of the Constitution. We need to identify which type of punishment, in addition to those mentioned (offences against Union law and court-martial sentences), falls under this power.
C) Sentences of death — Article 72 explicitly states that the President's pardoning power extends to all cases where the sentence is a sentence of death. This is a unique power of the President, as governors (under Article 161) cannot pardon death sentences, though they can commute or remit them.
The question asks to identify which official, in addition to Governors of States, Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, is appointed by the President of India. We need to evaluate each option based on the constitutional provisions regarding appointments made by the President.
Correct Option: A) The Comptroller and Auditor General of India
The question asks about the role of the President of India as the Supreme Commander. This is a fundamental concept in the Indian political system and military structure, often covered under Polity and Governance in competitive exams. We need to identify which forces fall under the President's supreme command.
C) The Defence Forces of India (Army, Navy, and Air Force) – This is correct because Article 53(2) of the Constitution explicitly vests the supreme command of the Defence Forces of the Union in the President.
The question asks about the provision for the office of the Vice President of India as per Article 63 of the Indian Constitution. To answer this, we need to recall the specific constitutional article related to the Vice President.
Correct Option: D) There shall be a Vice President of India
Article 63 of the Indian Constitution clearly and directly states, "There shall be a Vice-President of India." This establishes the constitutional post of the Vice President as a distinct and separate office.
The question asks to identify the key difference between the electoral college for the Vice President and that for the President, specifically concerning the composition of members from Parliament. We need to recall the constitutional provisions for the election of both the President and the Vice President of India.
Correct Option: C) Excludes nominated members of Parliament
This option is slightly ambiguously worded but refers to the fact that the Vice President's electoral college, unlike the President's, does NOT exclude nominated members of Parliament. In the context of "differs from the President's electoral college because it: