According to the National Action Plan on Climate Change (2008), which region showed a decreasing trend in monsoon rainfall over the last 100 years?
West coast
Eastern Madhya Pradesh
Northern Andhra Pradesh
North-western India
The question asks to identify the region that showed a decreasing trend in monsoon rainfall over the last 100 years, according to the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) 2008. This requires knowledge of the specific findings and observations related to climate change impacts on India's monsoon rainfall as documented in key policy documents like the NAPCC.
Correct Option: B) Eastern Madhya Pradesh showed a decreasing trend in monsoon rainfall over the last 100 years, according to the National Action Plan on Climate Change (2008) and subsequent scientific assessments.
The question asks to identify the Indian state with one of the highest CVP index zones. The CVP index, or Central Venous Pressure index, is a medical measurement, but in the context of general knowledge or competitive exams, it often refers to a region's vulnerability or susceptibility to certain conditions, especially in health or environmental contexts. Without further context, we assume it refers to a known index related to public health or environmental factors often discussed in Indian competitive exams.
C) Tripura has been identified in various reports and studies (e.g., by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water - CEEW) as one of the states with a very high Composite Vulnerability Index (CVI), particularly concerning climate change and its impacts. This makes it a strong candidate for having a high "CVP index zone" if CVP is interpreted as a general vulnerability index.
The question asks about India's spending on climate change adaptation as a percentage of its GDP. This is a factual question related to economic and environmental policy, often cited in reports by government bodies or international organizations.
Correct Option: B) 2.6% is the approximate percentage of GDP that India spends on adaptation to climate variability. This figure is often cited in official documents and economic analyses related to climate finance and environmental policy in India.
The question asks us to identify the correct statement(s) regarding the International Solar Alliance (ISA). We need to evaluate two statements: one about its launch event and year, and another about its membership criteria.
A) 1 only — Statement 1 is correct as the ISA was launched at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in 2015. Statement 2 is incorrect because while all UN member states are eligible, not all are members; membership is voluntary and requires ratification.
The question asks about the act that accelerated India's afforestation process. We need to identify which of the given acts primarily focuses on forest conservation and management, thereby promoting afforestation.
Correct Option: C) Forest Conservation Act
The Forest Conservation Act of 1980 was enacted to control the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes and to conserve forests. By restricting deforestation and promoting sustainable forest management, it significantly accelerated efforts towards afforestation and reforestation across India.
The question asks for the annual target for reforestation under the current afforestation program. This is a factual question related to environmental policies and targets in India, often covered in competitive exams under environment and ecology sections.
B) 1.1 mha — The National Afforestation Programme (NAP), implemented by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), has an annual target to reforest approximately 1.1 million hectares (mha) of degraded forest land. This target is crucial for achieving India's commitment to increasing its forest and tree cover.