The question asks to identify which of the given options is NOT a part of chemical weathering. We need to understand the distinction between chemical and physical (or mechanical) weathering processes.
Correct Option: A) Frost Action is a form of physical or mechanical weathering, not chemical weathering. It involves the physical breakdown of rocks due to the expansion of freezing water in cracks.
The question asks for the launch year of the Aajeevika - Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM). This requires factual knowledge about the history of government schemes in India.
Correct Option: A) 2011 is the correct year when the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM), later renamed DAY-NRLM, was launched by the Ministry of Rural Development.
The question asks about the ultimate promise made by Bhagirath Majhi to the Santhals. To answer this, we need to recall the objectives and promises associated with the Santhal Hul (rebellion) and the role of Bhagirath Majhi.
A) Restoration of tribal kingdoms. Bhagirath Majhi, along with other leaders of the Santhal Hul, aimed to establish a Santhal Raj (kingdom) where their traditional laws and self-governance would prevail, free from the exploitation of outsiders (dikus) and the British administration. This promise of restoring their own rule and traditional system was central to his teachings.
The question asks about the primary purpose of the High Endurance Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (HEAUV) developed by DRDO's NSTL. To answer this, one needs to recall the general applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), especially those with "high endurance" capabilities, in a naval context.
A) Underwater surveillance. High Endurance Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (HEAUVs) are ideal for prolonged and covert operations such as monitoring maritime areas, detecting enemy vessels, mapping the seabed for strategic purposes, and general intelligence gathering underwater. Their autonomous nature and long operational duration make them perfect for sustained surveillance missions, reducing human risk and operational costs.
The question asks to identify a key indicator of income inequality in colonial India, specifically in the context of colonial economic policies. We need to evaluate each option based on historical facts regarding British colonial rule in India and its impact on the socio-economic structure.
Based on this analysis, unequal land ownership patterns stand out as a primary and direct indicator of income and wealth inequality fostered by colonial economic policies.
A) Unequal land ownership patterns — Colonial land revenue policies like the Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, and Mahalwari systems dispossessed many traditional landholders and concentrated land ownership in the hands of a few landlords (zamindars) or large cultivators. This created a highly stratified agrarian society with a vast majority of landless laborers and small peasants, directly leading to extreme income and wealth inequality in rural areas, which constituted the bulk of the Indian economy.
The question asks for the total number of inhabited islands in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This is a factual question related to the geography and demography of the Indian Union Territory. It requires knowledge of the current official statistics regarding inhabited islands.
D) More than 30. Since the actual number of inhabited islands is 38, this option correctly represents the fact that the number is greater than 30.
The question asks to identify the dynasty that was NOT involved in the Tripartite Struggle for Kannauj. This struggle was a significant historical event in early medieval India, involving three major powers vying for control over the strategically important city of Kannauj.
B) Pallava — The Pallavas were a South Indian dynasty whose power center was far from Kannauj, and they did not participate in the Tripartite Struggle for its control.
The question asks about the fundamental principle behind the working of optical fibres. Optical fibres are used for transmitting light signals over long distances with minimal loss. Understanding how light propagates within these fibres is key to answering this question.
Correct Option: C) total internal reflection. This is the exact phenomenon that enables light to travel through optical fibres by continuously reflecting off the inner surface of the fibre, preventing light loss.
The question asks about the primary function of sclerenchyma, a plant tissue characterized by dead cells and thick, lignified walls. To answer this, we need to recall the structure and functions of various plant tissues.
B) To provide mechanical support and strength to the plant. Sclerenchyma cells, due to their thick, lignified secondary walls and often dead nature at maturity, are perfectly adapted to offer structural rigidity and mechanical strength to various parts of the plant, such as stems, leaves, and fruits. Examples include the hard shells of nuts and the gritty texture of pears, which are due to sclerenchymatous cells.
The question asks about the headquarters of the Home Rule League founded by Bal Gangadhar Tilak. To answer this, we need to recall the historical details of the Home Rule League movement in India, specifically focusing on the organization established by Tilak.
Correct Option: D) Pune