The question asks about the impact of river meandering in plains. We need to identify the landform that is typically created as a result of a river's meandering process in flat areas.
Correct Option: B) Formation of oxbow lakes. Oxbow lakes are a classic landform created by the cutting off of meander loops in river plains.
The question asks for the launch date of the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP). This requires knowledge of specific historical dates related to Indian government schemes.
The Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) was indeed launched on 15 August 1983, during the Sixth Five-Year Plan period. Its primary objective was to expand employment opportunities for the rural landless with a view to guarantee employment for at least 100 days in a year to at least one member of every landless household.
B) 15 August 1983 — The Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) was launched on 15 August 1983.
The question asks to identify which of the given options is NOT an instrument of parliamentary control over the executive in India. We need to analyze each option to determine if it falls under the purview of parliamentary control or another branch of government.
Correct Option: A) Judicial review of executive actions is NOT an instrument of parliamentary control over the executive in India. It is a power exercised by the judiciary.
The question asks to identify the primary association of the concept of 'watershed'. We need to understand the definition of a watershed and then evaluate each option based on this definition.
C) River catchment area — A watershed is fundamentally defined as the area of land that drains into a common outlet, such as a river, stream, or lake. Therefore, it is directly synonymous with a river catchment area or drainage basin.
The question asks to identify the age in which microliths, tiny stone tools used for making composite tools like saws and sickles, were predominantly found. This requires knowledge of the different prehistoric ages and their characteristic tool technologies.
C) Mesolithic age — The Mesolithic Age, also known as the Middle Stone Age, is distinguished by the characteristic use of microliths. These tiny, geometrically shaped stone tools were hafted onto bone or wood to create composite tools like saws, sickles, and spearheads, marking a significant technological advancement.
The question asks about the role of the President of India as the Supreme Commander of a specific force. This is a fundamental aspect of the Indian constitutional framework and the powers of the President.
Correct Option: B) The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. This is explicitly stated in Article 53(2) of the Constitution of India.
The question asks for India's global rank in the Human Development Report (HDR) 2025. This requires knowledge of the latest or most recently published HDR data. However, as of the current date, the UNDP's Human Development Report for 2025 has not been released. The most recent report available is typically for the previous year or two, released in the current year. Therefore, we should consider the latest available HDR data.
D) 130: While India's rank in the latest 2023/2024 HDR (data up to 2022) is 134, the rank of 130 was India's position in the 2019 Human Development Report. Given that the question asks for a future report (2025) which has not been released, and 134 is not an option, 130 represents a plausible rank from a recent past report and is the closest among the given choices to India's current standing.
The question asks to identify the Act that introduced a division of legislative powers between the Centre and Provinces using three distinct lists. This is a key feature of federal systems and a significant constitutional development in British India.
D) Government of India Act 1935
The Government of India Act 1935 was a landmark legislation that introduced a detailed scheme for the distribution of legislative powers between the Centre (Federal Government) and the Provinces. It provided for three lists:
Residuary powers were vested with the Governor-General. This division of subjects was a significant step towards a federal structure and formed the basis for the distribution of powers in the present Indian Constitution.
The question asks for the number of public sector banks operating in India as of a specific future date, 1 May 2025. This requires knowledge of the current banking landscape and any announced mergers or changes that would be effective by that date. As of the current understanding and past government announcements regarding bank mergers, the number of public sector banks has been consolidated.
C) 12 — As of the latest consolidation efforts by the Indian government, which concluded in April 2020, the number of public sector banks in India stands at 12. This includes the State Bank of India and 11 other nationalized banks. No further mergers or new public sector banks have been announced that would change this number by May 1, 2025.
The question asks to classify tourism based on economic activities. Economic activities are generally categorized into primary, secondary, tertiary, and sometimes quaternary and quinary sectors. Understanding these classifications is key to identifying why tourism falls into the tertiary sector.
D) providing services to people — Tourism is fundamentally a service industry. It involves various businesses and individuals offering services like accommodation, transport, entertainment, and guidance to travelers. This direct provision of services places it squarely in the tertiary sector of economic activities.