The question asks to identify the statement that best reflects Judicial Activism. We need to understand the core concept of Judicial Activism and then evaluate each option against this understanding.
Correct Option: C) Voluntary interference by the judiciary in public interest. This option accurately describes judicial activism as a proactive and often self-initiated role of the judiciary to protect public interest and ensure justice, even if it means going beyond a strict interpretation of existing laws or interfering in matters traditionally handled by the executive or legislature.
The question asks to identify the organization that inaugurated the Quantum Technology Research Centre (QTRC) at Metcalfe House, Delhi, in May 2025. This is a factual question related to current affairs and organizational developments in India's scientific and defense sectors.
B) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) â DRDO is a premier agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in the Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, responsible for the research and development of various technologies for the military. It has been at the forefront of developing strategic and advanced technologies, including quantum technology for secure communication and sensing. The inauguration of a Quantum Technology Testbed (or Research Centre) at Metcalfe House, Delhi, is consistent with DRDO's mandate and recent activities in this domain.
The question asks about the primary criterion used by the Tendulkar Committee for measuring poverty in India. Understanding the historical context of poverty estimation committees in India is crucial here.
C) Consumption expenditure. The Tendulkar Committee explicitly shifted the focus from calorie intake to a broader measure of consumption expenditure, encompassing food, education, health, and other essential items, to determine the poverty line.
The question asks about the primary application of biogas plants in rural India. We need to identify the sector where biogas technology is most commonly utilized by rural communities.
Correct Option: B) Household cooking and lighting. Biogas plants are predominantly installed in rural areas to provide clean fuel for cooking, replacing firewood and other biomass, and for lighting, reducing reliance on kerosene. This significantly improves indoor air quality and reduces the drudgery of fuel collection.
The question asks to identify the state that notified the Tsarap Chu Conservation Reserve under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, specifically for high-altitude biodiversity protection in 2025. This requires knowledge of recent conservation initiatives and their geographical locations.
B) Himachal Pradesh to secure snow leopard habitats. Himachal Pradesh notified the Tsarap Chu Conservation Reserve in 2025 under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. This reserve is crucial for protecting high-altitude biodiversity, particularly focusing on securing habitats for endangered species like the snow leopard and its prey base.
Which movie received the Best Picture honour at the 97th Academy Awards in 2025?
The question asks to identify the movie that won the Best Picture award at the 97th Academy Awards in 2025. This requires knowledge of recent major film awards.
A) Anora â "Anora" won the Palme d'Or at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival and is widely considered a frontrunner for the Best Picture Oscar at the 97th Academy Awards in 2025.
The question asks for the state where the Vadhavan Port, an under-development, all-weather, greenfield, deep-draft major port, is located. This requires knowledge of major infrastructure projects in India.
Correct Option: B) The Vadhavan Port is indeed located in Maharashtra. It is a joint venture between Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA) and the Maharashtra Maritime Board (MMB).
The question asks to identify the river that originates from the Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh and flows westward. This requires knowledge of the major river systems of India, their origins, and their general flow directions.
Correct Option: B) Narmada â The Narmada River originates from the Amarkantak Plateau in the Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of the major rivers of peninsular India that flows westward, emptying into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Khambhat.
The question asks for the original language in which Rabindranath Tagore's famous collection of poems, Gitanjali, was written. This requires knowledge of the literary history of the work.
D) Bengali â Gitanjali was originally written in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore. He later translated some of the poems into English.
The question asks about the organisation responsible for launching the Fiscal Health Index for India in 2025. This requires knowledge of recent policy initiatives and the roles of various government and financial institutions in India.
Correct Option: C) NITI Aayog is the correct answer. NITI Aayog, as the premier policy 'think-tank' of the Government of India, is responsible for designing strategic and long-term policies and programs for the Government of India. Launching an index like the Fiscal Health Index to assess and compare the fiscal performance of states or the nation falls squarely within its mandate of monitoring and evaluating policy effectiveness and promoting competitive federalism.