The question asks about a specific appointment made in May 2025 within the Ministry of Finance. This requires knowledge of recent government appointments, which is a common topic in current affairs for competitive exams.
A) Arvind Shrivastava was indeed appointed as the Secretary, Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance in May 2025. This was a significant bureaucratic reshuffle.
The question asks about the specific healthcare initiatives that the Director General of Health Services (DGHS) in Delhi was appointed to oversee on 21 May 2025. This requires knowledge of recent government appointments and their associated responsibilities in the healthcare sector.
D) Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission and Ayushman Arogya Mandir — This option correctly identifies the two major healthcare initiatives that the Director General of Health Services (DGHS) in Delhi was appointed to oversee on 21 May 2025. The Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) focuses on strengthening healthcare infrastructure, while the Ayushman Arogya Mandir initiative involves rebranding and upgrading Health and Wellness Centres to provide comprehensive primary healthcare.
A) PM-JAY and National Digital Health Mission — While PM-JAY (Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana) and the National Digital Health Mission (now Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission) are significant healthcare initiatives, the specific appointment on 21 May 2025 for the DGHS in Delhi was primarily focused on infrastructure and primary care transformation, not these two specific programs as the main mandate.
B) Fit India Movement and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan — These are broader national campaigns. The Fit India Movement is focused on fitness and health promotion, while Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a sanitation campaign. Neither falls directly under the primary implementation oversight of the DGHS in Delhi in the context of specific healthcare delivery and infrastructure initiatives.
C) National Health Stack and eSanjeevani — The National Health Stack is a digital infrastructure concept, and eSanjeevani is a national telemedicine service. While important, they represent digital health components rather than the overarching infrastructure and primary care transformation initiatives that were the focus of the DGHS's appointment on the specified date.
The question asks for the launch year of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY). This requires knowledge of key government schemes and their inception dates, which is a common topic in Indian competitive exams.
Correct Option: D) 2000
The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched on 25th December 2000 by the then Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Its primary objective is to provide all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected habitations in rural areas as part of a poverty reduction strategy.
The question asks for the adoption year of the Basel Convention. This requires knowledge of key international environmental agreements and their historical timelines. We need to identify the specific year when this convention was formally adopted.
Correct Option: B) 1989
The Basel Convention was adopted in 1989. This date marks the formal agreement on the text of the convention by participating nations.
The question asks about the specific majority required to pass a Constitutional Amendment Bill in the Lok Sabha. This falls under the special majority provisions outlined in the Indian Constitution, specifically Article 368.
D) Majority of the total membership and two-thirds of members present and voting
This option accurately describes the special majority required for a Constitutional Amendment Bill as per Article 368 of the Indian Constitution. Both conditions (majority of total membership and two-thirds of members present and voting) must be fulfilled simultaneously in each House.
This question tests knowledge about the headquarters of various railway zones in India. To answer correctly, one must recall the specific location of the North Western Railway zone's headquarters.
Correct Option: A) Jaipur
The question asks to identify the zone on Earth that receives the Sun's vertical rays (i.e., direct overhead sunlight) throughout the year. This relates to the Earth's tilt and its revolution around the Sun, which causes the apparent movement of the Sun between the Tropics.
Correct Option: C) The Tropical Zone (or Torrid Zone) is located between the Tropic of Cancer (\(23.5^\circ\) N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (\(23.5^\circ\) S). This entire region receives the direct, vertical rays of the Sun at some point during the year as the Sun appears to migrate between these two latitudes.
The question asks to identify the Indian state that achieved full literacy in 2025, according to the PLFS Annual Report (July 2023–June 2024). This requires knowledge of current affairs and socio-economic indicators related to literacy in India.
Correct Option: B) Mizoram. Mizoram has consistently demonstrated very high literacy rates and has been on track to achieve full literacy. While Kerala has the highest literacy rate, the question refers to a future achievement in 2025 for the "first" state, implying a state that is projected to reach this milestone. Mizoram is often cited as a state with near-universal literacy and strong educational infrastructure, making it a strong candidate for such a projection.
The question asks to identify the first state formed on a linguistic basis after significant agitation and the death of a protester. This refers to a specific historical event in India's post-independence reorganization of states.
C) Andhra Pradesh — The state of Andhra (later Andhra Pradesh) was the first state to be formed on a linguistic basis in India, following the severe agitation and the death of Potti Sreeramulu in 1952.
The question asks to identify the group in the periodic table to which hydrogen belongs. This requires knowledge of the periodic table's structure and the unique characteristics of hydrogen.
Correct Option: C) Hydrogen is placed in Group 1 of the periodic table. This placement is primarily due to its electron configuration of \(1s^1\), which means it has one valence electron, similar to the alkali metals in Group 1. Although hydrogen exhibits properties that also align with other groups (like Group 17 by forming \(H^-\) or Group 14 by forming covalent bonds), its most widely accepted position in the modern periodic table is at the top of Group 1.