The question asks to identify the foreign ruler who invaded India in 1739, leading to the massacre of Delhi and further weakening the Mughal Empire. This requires knowledge of significant invasions during the decline of the Mughal Empire.
In 1739, Nadir Shah, the Afsharid ruler of Persia, invaded India. His forces defeated the Mughal army at the Battle of Karnal. He then marched into Delhi, where a massacre occurred after some of his soldiers were killed by Delhi citizens. Nadir Shah plundered immense wealth, including the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-Noor diamond, leaving the Mughal Empire severely crippled and vulnerable.
C) Nadir Shah — Nadir Shah invaded India in 1739, defeated the Mughal army, sacked Delhi, and carried away immense wealth, which significantly accelerated the decline of the Mughal Empire.
The question asks to identify the constitutional body responsible for resolving legal disputes between the Central government and one or more state governments in India. This involves understanding the original jurisdiction of various constitutional bodies.
Correct Option: A) The Supreme Court of India has exclusive original jurisdiction under Article 131 of the Constitution to adjudicate any dispute between the Government of India and one or more states, or between two or more states, or between two or more states.
The question asks to identify the global organisation responsible for publishing the Human Development Index (HDI). This requires knowledge of major international organisations and their key reports/indices.
Correct Option: A) The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the global development network of the United Nations. It advocates for change and connects countries to knowledge, experience, and resources to help people build a better life. The UNDP is well-known for publishing the annual Human Development Report (HDR), which introduces and updates the Human Development Index (HDI).
The question asks about the tenure extension period for the CBI Director, Praveen Sood, in May 2025. This is a factual question related to current affairs and government appointments. To answer this, one needs to recall the specific details of the extension announced.
D) 1 year. The central government extended the tenure of CBI Director Praveen Sood by one year in May 2025.
The question asks about the re-election of the President of Ecuador in May 2025. This requires knowledge of current political events and future electoral schedules in Ecuador.
Correct Option: C) Daniel Noboa
Which Amendment is considered a near rewrite of the Constitution and made changes to the Preamble, Schedule VII and 53 Articles?
42nd Amendment
38th Amendment
44th Amendment
86th Amendment
The question asks to identify the Constitutional Amendment that was so extensive it is considered a near rewrite, specifically mentioning changes to the Preamble, Schedule VII, and 53 Articles. This points to a specific, well-known amendment in Indian constitutional history.
Correct Option: A) 42nd Amendment — This amendment, enacted during the Emergency, brought about sweeping changes to the Constitution, earning it the moniker "Mini-Constitution." It altered the Preamble, shifted subjects in Schedule VII, and amended numerous articles, making it the most comprehensive amendment to date.
The question asks to identify the scheme that provides free health coverage to 50 crore beneficiaries in India, focusing on public health programs that enhance access to life-saving interventions and services. We need to evaluate each option based on its primary objective and target beneficiaries.
Correct Option: A) Ayushman Bharat - PMJAY is the world's largest government-funded health assurance scheme. It provides a health cover of INR 5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to over 12 crore poor and vulnerable families (approximately 50 crore beneficiaries).
The question asks about the most common location for sand dunes that form long ridges parallel to the coastline. This requires understanding the conditions necessary for the formation and accumulation of sand dunes along coastal areas.
The question asks to identify the institute that launched the Bharat Cancer Genome Atlas (BCGA) in February 2025. This is a factual recall question related to current affairs and scientific initiatives in India.
Correct Option: C) Indian Institute of Technology, Madras launched the Bharat Cancer Genome Atlas (BCGA) in collaboration with other institutions. The launch was in February 2024, not 2025, but IIT Madras was a key institute involved.
The question asks about the direction of frictional force. Frictional force is a resistive force that opposes motion or the tendency of motion between two surfaces in contact. Understanding its fundamental nature is key to determining its direction.
Correct Option: B) Opposite to the direction of relative motion