Which of the following Amendments clarified that the President must act in accordance with the advice of the Council of Ministers?
44th Amendment
42nd Amendment
24th Amendment
74th Amendment
The question asks to identify the Constitutional Amendment that mandated the President to act in accordance with the advice of the Council of Ministers. This is a direct question about a significant change in the President's powers and the nature of the Indian parliamentary system.
Correct Option: B) The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, explicitly clarified and mandated that the President must act in accordance with the advice of the Council of Ministers. This amendment solidified the parliamentary nature of the Indian government, making the President a constitutional head bound by the advice of the elected government.
What was the Congress leaders' approach to achieving limited self-government in the early years?
Peaceful petitions
Violent protests
Foreign intervention
Revolutionary wars
The question asks about the methods employed by early Congress leaders to achieve limited self-government. This refers to the initial phase of the Indian National Congress, often characterized by its 'Moderate' approach.
A) Peaceful petitions is the correct answer. The early Congress leaders, known as Moderates, believed in constitutional methods and used petitions, prayers, and protests (the '3 Ps') to appeal to the British government for reforms and greater Indian representation.
The question asks for the state with the second-highest population density in India according to the 2011 Census. To answer this, we need to recall or identify the population densities of the major states and then rank them.
West Bengal recorded a population density of 1028 persons per square kilometer in 2011, which was the second-highest among Indian states, following Bihar (1106 persons per square kilometer).
The question asks to identify the primary purpose of the Red Data Book. This requires knowledge of environmental conservation terms and organizations.
Correct Option: C) A record of endangered plant and animal species
The Red Data Book, published by the IUCN, is a comprehensive record of species (both plants and animals) that are facing a high risk of extinction. It categorizes species into different threat levels such as Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, etc., based on specific criteria. This record serves as a crucial tool for conservationists, policymakers, and the public to understand the global conservation status of biodiversity and to prioritize conservation actions.
The question asks about the distribution of one-third reserved seats for women in local bodies. This refers to the constitutional provisions for reservation in Panchayats and Municipalities. Understanding the nature of this reservation, particularly whether it's horizontal or vertical, is key to answering this question.
B) One-third of all seats, including those reserved for SC/ST/OBC categories, are reserved for women, allowing a seat to be reserved simultaneously for a woman and for an SC/ST/OBC candidate. This accurately describes the horizontal nature of women's reservation in local bodies, where the one-third quota applies to the total seats, encompassing all categories.
The question asks to identify the country that launched "Operation Brahma" in response to an earthquake in Myanmar. This requires knowledge of recent international disaster relief efforts, specifically those involving India and its neighboring countries.
India frequently undertakes humanitarian missions in its neighboring countries as part of its "Neighbourhood First" policy. "Operation Brahma" is one such example, demonstrating India's commitment to regional cooperation and disaster response.
C) India — India launched "Operation Brahma" to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief to Myanmar following an earthquake. This operation involved sending relief materials and medical aid to the affected areas.
The question asks about the residency requirement for naturalisation under general conditions as per the Citizenship Act. This falls under the provisions of Indian citizenship law.
Correct Option: C) 12 years is the correct period of ordinary residence required for naturalisation under general conditions as per the Citizenship Act, 1955.
The question asks for the venue of the BIMSTEC Youth Summit 2025. This requires knowledge of recent international events and their locations, which is a common topic in competitive exams under current affairs.
A) Gandhinagar is the correct answer. The BIMSTEC Youth Summit 2025 is slated to be held in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. This event aims to foster youth engagement and cooperation among the BIMSTEC member states.
The question asks to identify the apex body for rural credit in India. This requires knowledge of the roles and functions of various financial institutions in India.
Correct Option: C) NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) is the apex development bank in India that facilitates credit flow for the promotion and development of agriculture and rural development. It was established on July 12, 1982, based on the recommendations of the B. Sivaraman Committee, to integrate the functions of the Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC), the Agricultural Credit Department of RBI, and the Rural Planning and Credit Cell of RBI.
The question asks to identify the founder of the Shaka dynasty in India. This requires knowledge of the history of the Shakas (Scythians) and their prominent rulers.
Correct Option: A) Maues (Moga) is widely recognized as the founder of the Shaka dynasty in India. He established Shaka power in the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent.