The question asks about Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy regarding the relationship between means and ends, particularly in the context of Satyagraha. Gandhi strongly believed that the means employed to achieve a goal are as important, if not more important, than the goal itself. His philosophy rejected the idea that a noble end could be achieved through ignoble means.
Correct Option: D) Pure ends require pure means.
This option accurately reflects Gandhi's fundamental belief that the means and ends are inseparable and that the purity of the end can only be guaranteed by the purity of the means. He argued that using violent or unjust means, even for a noble cause, would ultimately lead to a corrupted or imperfect outcome.
The question asks for the location where the semicryogenic engine hot test was held in April 2025. This is a factual question related to ISRO's testing facilities. Recalling the primary functions and locations of ISRO's major centers will help identify the correct answer.
Correct Option: A) ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendra Giri. This facility is dedicated to the testing and assembly of liquid propulsion stages and engines, making it the appropriate site for a semicryogenic engine hot test.
The question asks for the enactment year of the Mines Act in India. This is a factual question requiring knowledge of Indian legislation history. We need to identify the correct year from the given options.
The Mines Act was enacted in India in 1952. This Act regulates the working conditions, safety, health, and welfare of workers in mines. It replaced earlier legislation and has been amended several times since its enactment to address evolving challenges and standards in the mining sector.
The question asks to identify the term for commercial, mainstream Indian films primarily produced in Hindi, characterized by songs, drama, and spectacle. We need to evaluate each option based on its common definition in the context of Indian cinema.
Based on this evaluation, "Bollywood" is the most appropriate term.
Correct Option: C) Bollywood refers to the Hindi-language film industry, which produces commercial, mainstream movies known for their elaborate musical numbers, dramatic plots, and grand spectacle, fitting all the criteria mentioned in the question.
The question asks to identify the colonial policy against which Mahatma Gandhi called for a non-violent protest on April 6, 1919, leading to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. This requires knowledge of key events in India's freedom struggle and their chronological order.
B) Rowlatt Act — The Rowlatt Act, passed in March 1919, was a highly repressive law that allowed the British government to arrest and imprison people without trial. Mahatma Gandhi called for a nationwide hartal on April 6, 1919, as a non-violent protest against this act. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which happened on April 13, 1919, was a direct consequence of the protests against the Rowlatt Act.
The question asks about the constitutional provisions regarding the composition of the Election Commission of India (ECI). To answer this, one must recall Article 324 of the Indian Constitution, which deals with the ECI's composition and powers.
Correct Option: D) It may be single or multi-member; initially, there was only a Chief Election Commissioner until 1989.
The question asks for the full form of the abbreviation ASCII. This is a fundamental concept in computer science and general knowledge, often tested in competitive exams. Recalling the correct full form is key.
B) American Standard Code for Information Interchange — This is the universally recognized and correct full form of ASCII. It was developed in the 1960s and is a foundational standard for character encoding in computing.
The question asks to identify which of the given Biosphere Reserves is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh. This requires knowledge of the geographical locations of major Biosphere Reserves in India.
Correct Option: D) Panna Biosphere Reserve
The Panna Biosphere Reserve is indeed located in the Panna and Chhatarpur districts of Madhya Pradesh. It was designated as a Biosphere Reserve in 2011 and is also a Tiger Reserve.
The question asks to identify the leader associated with the 'Drain of Wealth' theory. This theory is a significant concept in Indian economic history, explaining how British rule led to the economic exploitation of India. We need to recall which prominent Indian nationalist articulated this theory.
C) Dadabhai Naoroji — Dadabhai Naoroji is widely recognized as the primary proponent of the 'Drain of Wealth' theory. His detailed analysis and writings on this subject provided a strong economic critique of British rule in India.
The question asks to identify the largest container port in India as per the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways. This requires knowledge of the major ports in India and their specific functions/capacities, particularly concerning container traffic.
A) Nhava Sheva (Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust - JNPT) is consistently recognized as the largest container port in India. It is located in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, and handles a significant majority of India's container traffic.